A government-approved national strategic plan for Israel's inter-urban road network, establishing long-term policy for 2050 and a detailed delivery plan for 2030. The planning process evaluated four strategic alternatives through multi-criteria analysis across transport, society, economy, and environment — selecting a combined approach that prioritizes HOV lanes, public transit priority, and demand management alongside targeted road infrastructure. The 2030 plan includes 130 km of new roads, 430 km of road widening, 485 km of HOV lanes, and 43 new interchanges, with approximately 37% of the ~$26 billion budget allocated to public transit and 30% to safety. A central finding is that road capacity alone cannot meet Israel's projected demand growth — accelerated development of rail and mass transit is essential.