A peer-reviewed methodology that applies graph theory to evaluate mass transit network structure. The model uses weighted network measures — degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, network density, clustering coefficients, and path length — to compare connectivity, directness, and coverage across network alternatives. A key innovation is the use of technology-specific weights that distinguish metro from light rail, reflecting differences in speed, transfer quality, and station catchment area. The framework benchmarks proposed networks against metro systems in cities like Barcelona, Washington DC, Lyon, and Lisbon, providing evidence-based support for strategic investment decisions. Published in Urban Rail Transit.